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波音公司举行B707喷气机首飞50周年纪念活动 Print  

在民用航空历史上,这一事件被公认为喷气飞机取代螺旋桨飞机的里程碑事件

波音公司举行了波音707喷气客机首飞50周年纪念活动。在民用航空历史上,这一事件被公认为喷气飞机取代螺旋桨飞机的里程碑事件,使航空旅行变得更节俭和更容易。

1957年12月20日下午一个寒冷飘雨的天气里,波音公司首席试飞员Tex Johnston、副驾驶员Jim Gannet和飞行工程师Tom Layne齐聚在Renton机场湿透的跑道上,焦急地等待着天气转晴的好消息,以便进行第一架波音707客机的处女飞行。

下午12: 30,决策层决定进行试飞。但当波音707飞机爬上Renton城市上空,不曾料到的坏天气立刻包围了这架客机,空中飞行仅7分钟,便迫降在波音机场附 近。不过此后,天气转晴,波音707空中飞行了71分钟。这一历史性的成功是波音五年来艰苦工作结成的硕果。波音总裁William Allen及其领导层在波音707飞机身上赌赢了“商业航空的未来在喷气飞机上”这一论断。

波音707原型机367-80或“Dash 80”带来了空中运输的革命。尽管它们自己未能进入商业服务领域,但Dash 80却促成了喷气飞机707系列的诞生。更重要的是,比起螺旋桨飞机来,波音707更快、更舒适,极大地改变了国际旅行的面貌。

第一架商业型波音707飞机,称为波音707-120系列飞机,与原型机相比,客舱更大。由普惠公司涡轮发动机提供动力,这些最初的波音707飞机具有 仅仅穿越大西洋的能力。波音公司不久开发了长航程的波音707-320洲际型。1959年5月,从西雅图到罗马连续飞行5382英里,历时11小时零6分 钟。随后,其它型别相继研发出来,包括缩短型和720型系列。

泛美航空公司是波音707客机的首家用户。该公司于1955年10月签署 了20架波音707-120的购买协议。1962年,泛美航空公司接收了最后一架波音707-120系列飞机。商业707飞机的生产于1978年中止。到 1994年,总产量超过1000架。大部分民用707飞机今天已经退役,或被转为货机。同时,一些波音707飞机被用于公务机。商业服务领域目前还保持在 130架左右。

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